Importance Of Project Management For Nurse Students

This assignment tended to teach practical skill of project management for Nurse Informaticist student. Nurse informaticist student examined various project in healthcare literatures that are published and interviewed an experienced person who handled projects in healthcare industry. The interview and the literature provided a step-by-step process how to identify a project, set up goals that could be achievable, and meet the goal. With this stimulated discussion that is real-life scenario, the writer has gained lessons that will apply and reflect the skill in the future healthcare projects. Project management is an important skill for any industry but for healthcare it is a way of improving patient’s lives, and health. Project management also helps to save healthcare industries a lot of money by effectively applies resources. So analyzing the important skills by interview and reading literatures is valuable for nurse informatics student. The Context of the Interview This interview took place in the state government inpatient psychiatric hospital where the interviewee and the interviewer practice. The interviewer made an appointment with the interviewee and met with the interviewee in her office to discuss the interview questions. The interviewer chooses this interviewee because the interviewee handles multiple large and small projects. The project that is handled by the interviewee related to various contexts such as some physical modification of the organization,Show MoreRelatedManagement, Supervision, And Evaluation Of Non Instructional Personnel Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pages Building Action Plan #1 - Final Reflective Essay Management, supervision, and evaluation of non-instructional personnel Introduction After careful review of my personal growth plan, one of the areas that I felt needed to master to become an effective leader, is the supervision of non-instructional personnel. 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Layers of the Atmosphere Free Essays

Without our atmosphere, there would be no life on earth. Two gases make up the bulk of the earth’s atmosphere: nitrogen (78%), and oxygen (21%). Argon, carbon dioxide and various trace gases make up the remainder. We will write a custom essay sample on Layers of the Atmosphere or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scientists divided the atmosphere into four layers according to temperature: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. The temperature drops as we go up through the troposphere, but it rises as we move through the next layer, the stratosphere. The farther away from earth, the thinner the atmosphere gets. 1. TROPOSPHERE This is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth’s surface, extending up to about 10-15 km above the Earth’s surface. It contains 75% of the atmosphere’s mass. The troposphere is wider at the equator than at the poles. Temperature and pressure drops as you go higher up the troposphere. The Tropopause:  At the very top of the troposphere is the tropopause where the temperature reaches a (stable) minimum. Some scientists call the tropopause a â€Å"thermal layer† or â€Å"cold trap† because this is a point where rising water vapour cannot go higher because it changes into ice and is trapped. If there is no cold trap, Earth would loose all its water! Most of what we call weather occurs in the troposphere. The uneven heating of the regions of the troposphere by the Sun causes convection currents and winds. Warm air from Earth’s surface rises and cold air above it rushes in to replace it. When warm air reaches the tropopause, it cannot go higher as the air above it (in the stratosphere) is warmer and lighter †¦ preventing much air convection beyond the tropopause. The tropopause acts like an invisible barrier and is the reason why most clouds form and weather phenomena occur within the troposphere. The Greenhouse Effect:  Heat from the Sun warms the Earth’s surface but most of it is radiated and sent back into space. Water vapour and carbon dioxide in the troposphere trap some of this heat, preventing it from escaping thus keep the Earth warm. This trapping of heat is called the â€Å"greenhouse effect†. However, if there is too much carbon dioxide in the troposphere then it will trap too much heat. Scientists are afraid that the increasing amounts of carbon dioxide would raise the Earth’s surface temperature, bringing significant changes to worldwide weather patterns †¦ hifting in climatic zones and the melting of the polar ice caps, which could raise the level of the world’s oceans. 2. STRATOSPHERE This layer lies directly above the troposphere and is about 35 km deep. It extends from about 15 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface. The stratosphere is warmer at the top than the bottom. The lower portion has a nearly constant temperature with height but in the upper portion the temperature increases with altitude because of absorption of sunlight by ozone. This temperature increase with altitude is the opposite of the situation in the troposphere. The Ozone Layer:  The stratosphere contains a thin layer of ozone molecules (with three oxygen atoms) which forms a protective layer shielding life on Earth from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. But this ozone layer is being depleted, and is getting thinner over Europe, Asia, North American and Antarctica. â€Å"Holes† are appearing in the ozone layer. 3. MESOSPHERE Directly above the stratosphere, extending from 50 to 80 km above the Earth’s surface, the mesosphere is a cold layer where the temperature generally decreases with increasing altitude. Here in the mesosphere, the atmosphere is very rarefied nevertheless thick enough to slow down meteors hurtling into the atmosphere, where they burn up, leaving fiery trails in the night sky. 4. THERMOSPHERE The thermosphere extends from 80 km above the Earth’s surface to outer space. The temperature is hot and may be as high as thousands of degrees as the few molecules that are present in the thermosphere receive extraordinary large amounts of energy from the Sun. However, the thermosphere would actually feel very cold to us because of the probability that these few molecules will hit our skin and transfer enough energy to cause appreciable heat is extremely low. The thermosphere corresponds to the heterosphere , a zone where there is no uniform distribution of gases. In other words, the gases are not well-mixed; instead they are stratified that is layered, in accordance to their molecular masses. In contrast, the gases in the homosphere (consisting of the troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere) are uniformly distributed. How to cite Layers of the Atmosphere, Essay examples

Theoretical Framework Domestic Violence

Question: Discuss about theTheoretical Frameworkfor Domestic Violence. Answer: Introduction The violence that takes place among people who are, or were, in a personal or intimate relationship is known as domestic violence. When referring to family violence then the term becomes broader as it is the violence that takes place between family members and also between intimate partners. This violence includes physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse. Once considered as a taboo to discuss, now violence of any type is considered as both human rights abuse and a social problem (Australian Government, 2015). Violence against women is a serious issue in Australia. This needs to be dealt by the government and communities urgently. According to the statistics, one of the three women has gone through physical and real violence. The other survey conveys that around one out of five women has suffered sexual violence. ACT is a policy that is designed for prevention of violence against women and children. It takes up the responsibility of ending violence against women and childr en. In more than 80% of the incidents of domestic violence, the victim is an adult female. This policy aims to simplify the application process for civil protection orders. It also aims to connect the victim with the criminal justice system for justice. Under ACT the degree of violence is determined to decide the strategy of controlling the act of violence. The ACT takes up four primary objectives to design a policy for a person who needs help regarding support and justice. The alternative policy has also been discussed to show the pros and cons of the ACT policy. (Mitchell, 2011). The Government Policy and its Affects The ACT is a government policy that prevents against violence. All the communities and the Governments are using their full strength to remove this violation of human rights act from the society. ACT says that not only the victims but there are many other factors that get affected by such abuse. When such thing happens, then the reputation of not just the local authorities, but many other authorities comes at stake. The stakeholders of incidence of domestic or family violence are the Government which includes the health department, finance, treasury, education, etc. (Alexander, 2015). The non-government organization and non-profit organizations, community groups, civil societies, political parties, health care funders, business and the private sector, local government, health insurance groups, donors, UN agencies, health workers organizations and patients and health service users also get affected by it (Australian Government, 2015). The other factor is the existing policies that get affected by the ACT strategy of preventing violence against women and children. There are some existing policies that are running to take action against all type of violence. Australian Domestic and Family Violence Clearinghouse, Women's Services Network, The Domestic Violence Incest Resource Centre, Domestic Violence Initiative, ACT Office for Women, Women's Information and Referral ServiceDomestic Violence Support GroupandDomestic violence information are some examples of existing policies that get affected by the ACT strategy for preventing women and children against domestic violence (Beel, 2013). The political context of the domestic violence prevention under Act refers to the address of the government in the working of the policy. The national plan is the initiative taken by the Council of Australian Government which is designed to address the issue of domestic violence against women and children (Broadley Goddard, 2014). Most of the commentators and stakeholders have taken The National Plan positively, but some arguments have also surfaced about the integrated resourcing and funding for The National Plan across all the jurisdictions is critical to effect in the changes in long-term. Mostly it is agreed that the issue of domestic violence and the policies designed to decrease it under The National Plan requires complex and coordinated responses, not just the commitments of funds and sporadic initiatives. But the main argument is regarding the uses of the funds for gender equity rather than fighting and decreasing this form of violence. As the ACT clarifies that it is their responsibility to end violence happening in Australia against women and children which increase the argument within the political context in between the government policy designing and the stakeholders and commentators (Capon, Smith, Gillespie, 2012). The strategies of ACT are developed and implemented by the Governments National Plan. The Australian National Council has formed The National Plan to decrease the violence happening against women and children and ACT works as per the norms of the National Plan. After consulting over 2000 women who has been the victim of violence, men who has committed violence, and other 350 written submissions, strategies of the ACT are designed. These strategies have involved all the stakeholders and the community sector (Crow Baysha, 2013). After consulting all the three important factors, the prime objectives are decided. The four primary steps are described here. The first primary objective says that a specific focus area need to be formed for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and their problems should be enclosed in it. The second objective is to provide the response to a domestic violence call flexible and holistic throughout the case. The third objective says to recognize the perpetrato r continuum and support the person to improve his behavior. The fourth objective of the policy is to provide the victimized women and children support so their needs are met, and this will be done with the help of services and system (DiRosa, 2009). Significant and sustained activities have taken place under the ACT to improve the system of response to family violence and sexual assault. Programs like Family Violence Intervention Program and the Sexual Assault Reform Program are included in the ACT. Crisis support and accommodation are the prime focus of the ACTs homelessness sector for those who become homeless due to domestic or family violence. The FVIP and SARP focus on the correlation of violence victims with justice services and system and providing a response subsequent to violence occurrence. Key strategies are the influential part while planning the activities and objectives. All the actions are developed for short-term or medium-term. For first three years, these implemented strategies will be evaluated, and accordingly future strategies will be planned. This process or approach will ensure a long-term systematic engagement to prevent violence against women and children (Fisher, 2013). For measuring the success of the implementation of the ACT and the analysis of its progress the key indicators are used. To prove the current success, it is necessary to specify that all the strategies planned are by the National Plan and Commonwealth has also given its commitment to develop a National Centre for Excellence. This centre will combine the past research with the current research undertaken. Commonwealth has also committed to provide funds for the People Safety Survey and Community Attitudes Survey (Ghonghadze, 2015). Though measuring achievements so early cannot provide a result for a long-term implementation, but the belief of stakeholders and Commonwealth in the policy shows the positive approach towards it. There are some key indicators that indicate the success of the policy and they are as follows: the first objective attained success because a survey taken under the National Plan that shows the increase of intolerance of violence against women in the community (Kr ug, Lozano, Zwi, Mercy, Dahlberg, 2015). Another objective saw success because there is a reduction of family violence, attack, and assault in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, and this news is informed and collected by the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey. Another key indicator of the success is in the increment of logged case, which shows women are moving ahead and had the power to fight them all. The fourth indicator is the decrement of the repeated partner victimization. These success indicators help in knowing the success of the policy which will help in determining the future decision of the policy designer and its success in the long term (Selgelid, 2009). It is true that the ACT is working for the benefit of the society by helping in reducing the violence against women and children, but most of its strategies are to focus on given justice and help after the crime has taken place, this is not going to reduce the domestic or family violence because many cases are not even reached for justice as it is considered as the family matter. According to an author Nathan Beel, many strategies are gender biased as they initially take the men accountable for any violence in a relationship (Beel, 2013). Another author emphasizes the importance of victimization surveys because according to him they are important as a source of information regarding the nature and extent of domestic violence because so many violence cases go unreported (Morgan Chadwick, 2009). In place of the ACT policy, another policy that can be considered more influential and result oriented is the Public Health Approach. Stakeholders prefer to stake their money in a place where there is a chance of getting reverted. Many stakeholders are not very much happy with the Act policy and another policy to take hype in place of it. The Public Health Approach is a policy focus on the public health and well-being and safety of the population. This policy aims at providing maximum benefits to the large number of people (Krug, Lozano, Zwi, Mercy, Dahlberg, 2015). It deals in sectors like health education, justice, and social services, which make stakeholder collectively asking to make this policy as the dedicated policy for domestic and family violence. Stakeholders like the Public Health approach as it deals with two important aspects at the same time. This policy can be applied to violence and health issues at the same time (Mitchell, 2011). The Public Health Approach completes its process in four steps. The first step defines and monitors the problem due to which the occurrence of violence has taken place; the second step is to identify the risk and the protective factors this will help in deciding the prevention measures (Selgelid, 2009). Step three is the development and testing of prevention strategies to assess the efficiency of the strategy. If the prevention program turns out to be a success, then the fourth step is to be adopted as the strategy worldwide. A tried and tested technique will be a better-implementing strategy rather than experiment with the new strategy (Morgan Chadwick, 2009). Stake holders prefer using the Public Health Approach because the expenditure covers a lot of area of improvement in comparison to the Act. The process of identifying the problem emphasize on a proper handling of the situation which provides equity to all the members associated with the case. This also brings the social justice to the case (Krug, Lozano, Zwi, Mercy, Dahlberg, 2015) The ACT policy is an approach toward the solution of the problem without making it a difficult situation. The prime objectives of the policy is to provide benefits to the person suffering from domestic or family violence. The ACT is a perfect choice for the purpose of reducing the domestic violence against women and children as its approach is easy and simple for people to understand and follow it (Murray Powell, 2007). The maximum problem of domestic violence is found in the Aboriginal Tribe of Australia, and the policy emphasizes on helping them with a specific program which can make a difference in their life. The shortcomings of the ACT are the short circle of approach. The policy limits itself within a circle and does not step out. This is the main shortcoming of the ACT. The ACT emphasizes on taking everything one by one; there are many people who need help and helping hands are very less. Thus, whatever hands are available, use them. The ACT comes into action once the violenc e act has taken place. It cannot save the person who is at home and taking such victimization because he or she has not yet registered a complaint (Ricart Casadevall, 2016). Conclusion Domestic and family violence is a curse which is majorly faced by the women and children. The Australian Government is trying hard to fight against the violence. There are various policies being designed by the Australian government to help in reducing the domestic and family violence against women and children. One such policy is discussed here which is the ACT strategy that aims to reduce the violence against women and children 2011-2017. This policy helps the people who have suffered from domestic and family violence as it is the Governments responsibility to help its citizens. Starting from providing support to providing justice to the victim this whole process comes in the designing of the ACT policy. Stakeholders are a bit against the policy as it takes things one by one and does not cover the area as much they wanted to cover. But the result it is showing with its short-term and medium-term projects and objectives are proving successful. This emphasizes on the use of this poli cy. Though an alternative policy is also discussed this is better at one point that, it covers a lot of ground as compared to the ACT policy. But other-wise the ACT is proving to be a good policy to be followed under Australia jurisdiction. Hence, it is concluded that the policy of the ACT is a policy framed under the National Plan is a good choice for the issue arising in Australia. References Alexander, R. (2015). Family Violence in Parenting Cases in Australia Under The Family Law Act 1975 (Cth): The Journey So Far Where are We Now and are We There Yet?. Int J Law Policy Family, 29(3), 313-340. Australian Government,. (2015). ACT Prevention of Violence Against Women and Children Strategy. Australian Capital Territory: Australian Government. Beel, N. (2013). Domestic violence, gender, and counselling: Toward a more gender-inclusive understanding (1st ed., pp. Vol 19 No.4). Australia: Phycho Oz Publication. Broadley, K. Goddard, C. (2014). A Public Health Approach to Child Protection: Why Data Matter. Children Australia, 40(01), 69-77. Capon, A., Smith, W., Gillespie, J. (2012). Navigating public health chemicals policy in Australia: a policy maker?s and practitioner?s guide. New South Wales Public Health Bulletin, 23(12), 217. Crow, D. Baysha, O. (2013). Conservation as a Catalyst for Conflict: Considering Stakeholder Understanding in Policy Making. Review Of Policy Research, 30(3), 302-320. DiRosa, A. (2009). The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act: Lessons in the Development and Implementation of Federal Policy. Policy Perspectives, 8(2). Fisher, C. (2013). Changed and Changing Gender and Family Roles and Domestic Violence in African Refugee Background Communities Post-Settlement in Perth, Australia. Violence Against Women, 19(7), 833-847. Ghonghadze, N. (2015). Teaching Health Policy at the Georgian Institute of Public Affairs: An Interdisciplinary Approach. World Medical Health Policy, 7(1), 83-85. Krug, E., Lozano, R., Zwi, A., Mercy, J., Dahlberg, L. (2015). The Public Health Approach to Violence Prevention. www.cdc.gov. Mitchell, L. (2011). Domestic violence in Australiaan overview of the issues. Australia: Government of Australia. Morgan, A. Chadwick, H. (2009). Key issues in domestic violence (1st ed.). Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Retrieved from Murray, S. Powell, A. (2007). For the sake of the children? Children, domestic violence and public policy. Children Australia, 32(03), 6-12. Ricart Casadevall, S. (2016). Improving the management of water multi-functionality through stakeholder involvement in decision-making processes. Utilities Policy. Selgelid, M. (2009). A Moderate Pluralist Approach to Public Health Policy and Ethics. Public Health Ethics, 2(2), 195-205. Shawki, N. (2011). Civil society advocacy and the diffusion of violence against women norms: An analysis of the International Violence Against Women Act. Global Social Policy, 11(2-3), 175-193. Tyson, D., Kirkwood, D., Mckenzie, M. (2016). Family Violence in Domestic Homicides: A Case Study of Women Who Killed Intimate Partners Post-Legislative Reform in Victoria, Australia. Violence Against Women. Whittier, N. (2016). Carceral and Intersectional Feminism in Congress: The Violence Against Women Act, Discourse, and Policy. Gender Society, 30(5), 791-818.